Three to five years old, a time of boundless energy, endless questions and incredible leaps in development. Your little one is transforming right before your eyes, and it's all thanks to their amazing, ever-evolving brain!
Let’s take a fun peek at what’s going on in your child’s brain during these exciting years.
Brain powerhouse
During the ages of 3 to 5, your child’s brain is like a supercharged engine, growing rapidly! The prefrontal cortex, the area responsible for decision-making, problem-solving and social skills, is developing at an amazing pace.1 This growth helps them build important skills such as planning, self-control and a working memory.1
Millions of neural connections are forming every second, creating pathways for learning and development.1
So, what’s going on in your child’s brain?2
Here s a glimpse into the amazing world of your preschooler s brain:
Brain development between 3 and 5 years old
Your child's brain undergoes rapid development, particularly in the prefrontal cortex, which is crucial for decision-making, problem-solving and social interactions.1
Little thinkers in action
Those amazing little brains are also busy making huge leaps in their thinking skills!
They're grasping concepts such as counting, colours, shapes and even those tricky letters! This newfound understanding of cause and effect helps them make simple plans and even solve little problems on their own.2
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Emotional development
Along with all that brainpower comes a whole lot of heart. Your child will experience a surge in their emotional development.3 They're learning to identify and express a wider range of emotions, from pure joy to full-blown frustration.
While their little faces light up with excitement over a simple game, they might also struggle to manage big feelings such as anger or disappointment.
This is also a time when empathy begins to blossom.3
Since this is a crucial time during your child's development, it’s okay for them to have a bit more screen time. While technology can be educational, moderation is key.
When screen time is unavoidable, opt for educational programmes and apps that promote learning and development. Engage with your child during screen time to reinforce lessons and encourage interaction.5
Tips to boost brain development
Young brains thrive on playful learning. Encourage imagination, reading, movement, building and art to boost their development. These early experiences create strong foundations for a lifetime of learning.5
References:
1. Center on the Developing Child at Harvard University: Brain Architecture. Accessed on 11 July 2023 from https://developingchild.harvard.edu/science/key-concepts/brain-architec….
2. Nelson CA. Neural plasticity in the developing brain. Curr Dir Psychol Sci 2000;9:42-5.
3. Goswami U. Cognitive development: The learning brain. 2nd ed. Routledge. London. 2019.
4. Denham SA, Bassett HH, Way EL. Early childhood emotional and social development: A primer. Paul H. Brookes. Baltimore. 2012.
5. Hirsh-Pasek K, Zosh JM et al. Putting education in “educational” apps: Lessons from the science of learning. Psychol Sci Public Interest 2015;16:3-34.
6. Ginsburg KR. The importance of play in promoting healthy child development and maintaining strong parent-child bonds. Paediatrics 2007;119:182-91. http://dx.doi:10.1542/peds.2006-2697.
